8 Important Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer – and 5 Factors That May Increase Your Risk

Colorectal cancer is a serious disease that develops gradually, often without clear symptoms in its early stages.

The risk of developing the disease depends on a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle, and age.

Early detection through screening tests and awareness of the body's signals can improve the chances of successful treatment.

Symptoms of colorectal cancer can vary and develop over time, making it crucial to respond to changes in bodily functions.

Many of these symptoms can be vague or resemble less serious conditions, potentially delaying diagnosis.

If symptoms persist or remain unexplained, it is important to consult a doctor for further evaluation.

Persistent fatigue can be an early sign of colorectal cancer, often due to internal bleeding in the intestines, leading to iron deficiency and reduced oxygen transport in the blood.

This fatigue does not improve with rest and may worsen over time if the bleeding continues.

Along with other symptoms such as paleness and dizziness, fatigue can indicate anemia.

If you experience unexplained fatigue for an extended period, consult a doctor.

Many people experience bloating occasionally, but persistent bloating may be a sign of colorectal cancer.

It can be caused by a buildup of gas or fluid in the abdomen due to reduced intestinal function.

In some cases, it may also be accompanied by pain or a feeling of fullness after eating only a small amount.

If bloating persists or worsens without an obvious cause, further examination is recommended.

Vomiting is a less common symptom of colorectal cancer, but it can occur if the cancer causes a blockage in the intestines.

In such cases, food and fluids cannot pass normally, leading to nausea and vomiting.

If vomiting is accompanied by abdominal pain, bloating, or a feeling of fullness, it may indicate a serious condition that requires urgent medical evaluation.

Repeated episodes of vomiting without an apparent cause should be investigated further.

Changes in bowel habits can be an important sign of colorectal cancer, especially if they occur suddenly and persist.

These changes may include chronic diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between both.

Stool may also become thinner, which could indicate a partial blockage in the intestines caused by a growing tumor.

If these changes last for several weeks without an obvious explanation, seeking medical advice is essential.

Abdominal pain associated with colorectal cancer can be diffuse and is often mistaken for common digestive issues.

The pain may come and go but typically becomes more persistent as the cancer progresses.

In some cases, the pain can be sharp and cramp-like, especially if there is a partial intestinal obstruction.

If the pain is accompanied by weight loss or blood in the stool, a doctor should be consulted.

A gradual or sudden loss of appetite may be a sign of colorectal cancer, particularly if it is accompanied by unexplained weight loss.

Cancer can affect the body's metabolism and cause a general feeling of discomfort or fullness, even after small meals.

In some cases, appetite loss may be caused by an intestinal obstruction that makes it difficult for food to pass normally.

If persistent loss of appetite occurs, it should be examined.

Anemia, or a deficiency of red blood cells, is often caused by slow, hidden bleeding from a tumor in the intestines.

This bleeding may be so minor that it is not visible in the stool, but over time, it leads to iron deficiency and symptoms such as paleness, heart palpitations, and shortness of breath.

In older individuals or those with unexplained anemia, colorectal cancer should always be considered a possible cause.

A simple blood test can reveal low hemoglobin levels, prompting further investigation.

Several factors can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Some of these factors are lifestyle-related, while others may be genetic or biological.

Although not all risk factors can be controlled, certain choices and habits can significantly impact the likelihood of developing the disease.

Being aware of these risks can help prevent colorectal cancer or detect it early.

Obesity, particularly when fat accumulates around the abdomen, significantly increases the risk of colorectal cancer.

Fat tissue produces hormones and inflammatory substances that can promote cancer growth.

Studies have shown that individuals with a higher BMI have a greater risk of developing colorectal cancer, especially men.

Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can be an important factor in reducing the risk.

If you have close relatives (parents, siblings, or children) who have had colorectal cancer, your risk of developing the disease is higher.

Certain genetic syndromes, such as Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), can significantly increase the risk.

However, common hereditary factors and shared lifestyle habits within families can also play a role.

Regular screening tests are often recommended earlier for individuals with a strong family history.

A lack of physical activity can increase the risk of colorectal cancer, as exercise helps regulate digestion and reduce inflammation in the body.

Regular physical activity minimizes the buildup of waste in the intestines and promotes healthy bowel function.

Studies show that sedentary individuals have a higher risk of developing cancer compared to those who are physically active.

Even moderate exercise, such as daily walks, can have a positive impact.

Processed meats such as bacon, sausages, and deli meats contain preservatives and chemical compounds that can damage intestinal cells and increase the risk of cancer.

A high intake of red meat, especially when grilled or fried at high temperatures, is also linked to an increased risk.

On the other hand, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fiber can help protect against colorectal cancer.

Limiting processed and red meat consumption can be an important step in reducing risk.

Smoking is a well-known risk factor for many cancers, including colorectal cancer.

The harmful chemicals in tobacco can damage the DNA in intestinal cells and increase inflammation in the body.

Long-term smokers have a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to non-smokers.

Quitting smoking can reduce the risk over time and improve overall health.