In the U.S., about 38% of homes rely on gas cookstoves, a staple for chefs and home cooks who value its perceived superiority over electric stoves.
However, growing concerns about the safety of gas stoves highlight their harmful effects on both health and the environment.
Gas stoves emit pollutants like nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, and benzene, writes EatingWell.
Even when not in use, these stoves can leak harmful gases. Nitrogen dioxide, a respiratory irritant, is particularly concerning, as it worsens conditions like asthma.
Studies by the World Health Organization (WHO) show that children in households with gas stoves are at an increased risk of developing asthma, with some analyses suggesting a 42% higher risk.
Benzene, a carcinogen also found in secondhand smoke, is another dangerous byproduct, though its long-term health effects remain poorly understood.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is another risk, especially when a stove malfunctions, but even properly functioning gas stoves release CO at levels 3-10 times higher than homes with electric stoves. Even low-level exposure to CO can exacerbate cardiovascular issues in vulnerable populations.
In addition to health risks, gas stoves contribute to climate change. Methane, a potent greenhouse gas, leaks from stoves even when they are off.
This adds to the environmental damage from the production and transport of natural gas.
Compared to electric stoves, gas stoves generally have a higher environmental impact, although the carbon footprint of electric stoves can vary depending on how the electricity is generated.
How can you reduce the risks?
To reduce these risks, experts recommend replacing gas stoves with induction models, which have fewer health and environmental impacts.
However, for those who cannot afford to make the switch, proper ventilation—such as using a range hood vented to the outside—can help reduce harmful exposure.
Using air purifiers and alternative cooking methods like microwaves or air fryers also contributes to lowering indoor pollution.
