Some dog breeds are more susceptible to genetic and health-related problems than others.
This is often due to selective breeding that has emphasized certain traits, as well as the breeds’ anatomy and physiology.
Many dogs suffer from hereditary diseases that can impact their quality of life and require special care from their owners.
Common issues include breathing difficulties, joint diseases, skin conditions, and heart or neurological disorders.
It's important to be aware of these challenges if you're considering getting a dog.
Having a good understanding of a breed's health risks can help ensure a long, healthy, and happy life for your pet.
Pug

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Often struggles to breathe properly due to brachycephalic syndrome
Narrow nostrils, elongated soft palate, and risk of tracheal collapse can lead to oxygen deprivation and fainting
Highly prone to heatstroke in warm weather
Can suffer from pug encephalitis, a severe and untreatable neurological disease
German Shepherd

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Prone to genetic disorders, including hip dysplasia
Susceptible to von Willebrand’s disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and degenerative myelopathy
Often has a sensitive stomach and is prone to skin infections
Doberman

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High risk of von Willebrand’s disease, which affects blood clotting
Can experience prolonged bleeding and spontaneous hemorrhages, though often mild
Between 49-70% of the breed carries the defective gene
Labrador Retriever

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A specific mutation in the DNM1 gene can cause exercise-induced collapse
Affected dogs may become unsteady, lose muscle control, and experience elevated body temperature
Prone to hip problems and heart conditions
Bernese Mountain Dog

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High risk of developing cancer, especially histiocytosis, which can lead to organ failure
Prone to hip problems
Unfortunately, has a short lifespan compared to many other breeds
Border Collie

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Susceptible to the MDR1 gene mutation, making them highly sensitive to medications like ivermectin and loperamide
Can develop hip and elbow dysplasia, which may require surgery in severe cases
French Bulldog

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Struggles with brachycephalic syndrome, leading to breathing difficulties and fatigue, especially in hot weather
Prone to cleft palate, allergies, skin conditions, and cystinuria (a metabolic disorder)
Cocker Spaniel

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High risk of eye diseases, including progressive retinal atrophy (affecting 11% of the breed)
Up to 45% carry the gene for progressive retinal atrophy
Prone to cataracts and inward-turning eyelids
Long ears make them susceptible to ear infections due to poor air circulation
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

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Prone to heart disease, hip and elbow dysplasia, loose kneecaps, and muscular dystrophy
Frequently experiences eye, skin, and respiratory problems
English Bulldog

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High risk of brachycephalic syndrome and hip dysplasia (up to 73% affected)
Prone to fragile bones, allergies, and skin conditions
Many have difficulty giving birth naturally, making breeding complicated