Space has long been seen as a place for scientific exploration and cooperation.
However, in recent years, it has become a topic of serious geopolitical concern. Major world powers are now looking at space as the next frontier for conflict.
The creation of the US Space Force in 2019 showed that space could become a battleground. Russia and China, in particular, are speeding up their efforts to challenge US dominance in space.
The use of satellites and control over key areas like Lagrange points have become central to the competition, writes El Economista.
Protecting communication channels and securing these areas are priorities for many countries.
This new space race could change the way war is fought, with no borders and no clear rules.
It raises important questions about how space warfare would look and how it could affect security on Earth.
Popular Mechanics has taken a deep dive into how a space war might unfold. According to experts, such a war could happen in four phases. Some believe we may already be entering the first phase.
The relationship between space and security is important, especially in the digital age. Satellites support everything from GPS to military communications and weather predictions.
For the US, this infrastructure is vital but also a major vulnerability. China and Russia have developed anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons, which could destroy or disrupt these critical systems in times of conflict.
These include missiles, co-orbitals to sabotage satellites, and lasers that can disable sensors.
A key issue is the Kessler Syndrome, which happens when space debris creates a chain reaction that could make low-Earth orbit unusable for all countries.
Another concern is the competition over Lagrange points, which are stable areas in space. These points could be ideal for placing telescopes, space stations, and military equipment.
Experts see four phases for a potential space war:
Phase 1: Low Orbit Warfare
This phase would focus on disabling enemy satellites. ASAT attacks could take out GPS systems, disrupting communication and surveillance.
Phase 2: Domination of Strategic Areas
Control of Lagrange points would be crucial for both scientific and military operations. China and Russia are already planning missions to place themselves in these key areas.
Phase 3: Active Militarization
Space vehicles, whether manned or autonomous, would become part of active military operations.
Phase 4: Defense Against Hypersonic Weapons
Hypersonic missiles, which travel at extreme speeds, would pose a challenge. Satellites in low orbit could help detect and stop these threats.
Technology will be crucial for space warfare. China leads in quantum communications, while the US is more advanced in private space technology with companies like SpaceX.
Artificial intelligence (AI) will also play a role, helping autonomous systems make quick decisions.
The idea of space war raises many ethical issues. How can countries agree on rules in an area without borders?
Can treaties be made to limit space militarization? Even with past agreements, space remains an unregulated frontier for international conflict.
