A newly signed defense memorandum between Croatia, Albania, and Kosovo is raising diplomatic tensions across the Balkans, with Serbia calling the move a violation of a 1996 subregional arms control agreement and accusing the signatories of destabilizing the region. Meanwhile, Serbia and Hungary are reportedly entering advanced discussions to form their own military alliance.
A Trilateral Pact Sparks Outrage in Belgrade
The defense memorandum, signed last week in Tirana, focuses on increasing defense cooperation through joint training, interoperability, and mutual support for Euro-Atlantic integration. Officials from the three signatory countries insist the pact is defensive and aimed at strengthening regional stability.
However, Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić described the move as a “trigger for an arms race” and accused the parties of acting without transparency. He also claimed that NATO was likely not informed of the agreement. Serbia’s Foreign Ministry has demanded explanations from both Albania and Croatia, arguing that the inclusion of Kosovo, which Belgrade does not recognize, undermines regional peace.
As reported by Digi24, the Serbian government views the memorandum as a security threat, citing exclusion from talks and perceived favoritism toward Kosovo.
Hungary and Serbia Deepen Security Ties
In parallel, Serbia and Hungary appear to be advancing toward their own military agreement. Serbian Foreign Minister Marko Đurić confirmed that negotiations are underway, describing such a pact as a “positive development” that would enhance Serbia’s independence and strengthen bilateral ties.
Đurić emphasized transparency and diplomacy, but also warned that current portrayals of Serbia in the international community—especially in light of its 1990s history—are being shaped by recent events.
A New Security Landscape in the Western Balkans?
Albanian and Kosovar officials have defended the trilateral pact as a necessary response to potential threats and a reaffirmation of mutual support. Kosovo’s Prime Minister Albin Kurti hailed it as a “historic step” and emphasized regional unity.
Croatia’s Defense Minister said the pact may even expand to include Bulgaria. While signatories stress that the alliance is not aimed at any specific country, retired Albanian general Esad Çolaku called it a clear warning to Serbia and a deterrent against renewed territorial ambitions.
The unfolding alliances and diplomatic disputes mark a significant reshaping of regional security dynamics in southeastern Europe. With NATO reportedly uninformed of the developments, questions remain about the implications for broader Euro-Atlantic stability.
